What should you check first if you encounter issues with Cloud Logging on a VM?

When encountering issues with Cloud Logging on a VM, the first step to take is to check if the logging agent is running correctly. The logging agent is responsible for collecting and sending log data from the VM to Cloud Logging. If the agent is not functioning properly, it won't be able to gather logs, resulting in gaps or missing logs in the Cloud Logging interface.

Verifying the operational status of the logging agent is fundamental because it directly affects the logging process. If the agent has crashed, is misconfigured, or is not installed, it will not collect the necessary log entries. Ensuring that the agent is actively running and configured correctly allows for a more streamlined troubleshooting process, as it helps establish that the foundational component for logging is in place before exploring other potential issues.

The other aspects such as firewall rules, service account permissions, or the VM’s image version would be secondary checks. While they can affect how communication and permissions are set up for logging, confirming the agent's operational status is the most direct way to address logging issues on the VM. The functioning of the logging agent is the critical first point in diagnosing any problems related to viewing logs in Cloud Logging.